Adaptive physical education is becoming increasingly popular in modern society, especially with people with disabilities. Properly organized classes help them improve their physical condition, increase self-esteem and overall wellbeing. Therefore, it is important to study what basic principles contribute to the effectiveness of adaptive physical education classes. The authors of this article focus on the process of adaptive physical education classes with students with disabilities, as well as basic principles and methods that ensure effectiveness of adaptive physical education classes for students with disabilities. Research hypothesis: an individual approach to each student, the correct choice of physical exercises, motivation and support, as well as systematic nature of classes play a key role in the effectiveness of adaptive physical education classes. Testing this hypothesis allowed us to identify the most important aspects that must be taken into account when organizing classes with this category of students. To achieve this goal and test the hypothesis, various research methods were used: analysis of scientific literature on the topic of adaptive physical education, observation of classes with students with disabilities, as well as surveys and interviews with both students themselves and their instructors. This comprehensive approach allowed us to gain a more complete understanding of the key principles that contribute to the success of our studies.