ISSN 2782-4594 (Print)
ISSN 2782-4608 (Online)


For citation:

Zaytseva A. O., Aksenov M. O. Gene expression as an indicator of long-term adaptation to physical activity. Physical Education and University Sport, 2022, vol. 1, iss. 2, pp. 183-188. DOI: 10.18500/2782-4594-2022-1-2-183-188, EDN: DRLWFF

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY 4.0).
Full text:
(downloads: 208)
Language: 
Russian
Article type: 
Article
UDC: 
575:796+612.017.2:796
EDN: 
DRLWFF

Gene expression as an indicator of long-term adaptation to physical activity

Autors: 
Zaytseva Anna O., Banzarov Buryat State University
Aksenov Maksim O., Banzarov Buryat State University
Abstract: 

In order to achieve a high result in the course of sports training, the athlete’s body needs to constantly adapt to larger and larger training loads. Such trainings cause constant changes in the composition and properties of the biological system of the body. The relevance of the study is due to the need to use genetic testing both in sports selection and in sports training of athletes of different disciplines. The purpose of the study is to determine the genotypes that are associated with an increase in the performance and health of an athlete. During the analysis of scholarly researches on the subject some genetic markers affecting a person’s physical abilities were identified. The article also presents the results of scientific research reflecting the mechanisms of adaptation of the body to physical exertion.

Reference: 
  1.  Aksenov M. O. Genetic technologies and gene doping in high-performance sports. In: Strategii i praktiki razvitija innovatsionnyh vidov sporta : opyt pokolenij i novye tehnologii : materialy mezhdunarodnogo nauchnogo simpoziuma, 1–3 ijulja 2015 g. [Strategies and practices for the development of innovative sports: Generational experience and new technologies: proceedings of the International Scientific Symposium, July 1–3, 2015]. Ulan-Ude, BSU, 2018, pp. 84–89 (in Russian).
  2. Akhmetov I. I. Molekuljarnaja genetika sporta : monografija [Molecular genetics of sports : a monograph]. Moscow, Soviet Sport Publ., 2009. 268 p. (in Russian).
  3. Bloch W., Zimmer P. Epigenetik und Sport. Deutsche Zeitschrift für Sportmedizin, 2012, no. 6 (63), S. 163–167.
  4. Mossje I. B. Sports genetics : Yesterday, today, tomorrow. Proceedings of the Belarusian State University, 2012, vol. 7, part 1, pp. 56–68 (in Russian).
  5. Majmundar A. J., Wong W. J., Simon M. C. Hypoxia in decibel factors and the response to hypoxic stress. Molecular Cell, 2010, vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 294–309.
  6. Bentley D. J., Newell J., Bishop D. Incremental exercise test design and analysis: implications for performance diagnostics in endurance athletes. Sports Med, 2007, vol. 37, no. 7, pp. 575–586.
  7. Bouchard C., An P., Rice T., Skinner J. S., Wilmore J. H., Gagnon J., Pérusse L., Leon A. S., Rao D. C. Familial aggregation of VO2max response to exercise training : results from the HERITAGE family study. Journal of Applied Physiology, 1999, vol. 87, no. 3, pp. 1003–1008.
  8. Herman F. C. Applied physology of rowing. Sports Med., 1984, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 303–326.
  9. Seaborne R. A., Seaborne R. A., Strauss J., Cocks M., Shepherd S., O’Brien T. D., Someren K. A. van, Bell P. G., Murgatroyd C., Morton J. P., Stewart C. E., Sharples A. P. Human Skeletal Muscle Possesses an Epigenetic Memory of Hypertrophy. Scientific Reports, 2018, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 1898.
  10. Arkinstall M. J., Tunstall R. J., Cameron-Smith D., Hawley J. A. Regulation of metabolic genes in human skeletal muscle by short-term exercise and diet manipulation. American Journal of Physiology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2004, vol. 287, no. 1, pp. E25–31.
  11. Booth F. W., Thomason D. B. Molecular and cellular adoptions of muscle in response to exercise: perspectives of various models. Physiological Reviews, 1991, vol. 71, no. 2, pp. 541–585.
  12. Hawley J. A., Stepto N. K. Adaptations to training in endurance cyclists: implications for performance. Sports Med., 2001, vol. 31, no. 7, pp. 511–520.
  13. Adhihetty P. J., Irrcher I., Joseph A. M., Ljubicic V., Hood D. A. Plasticity of skeletal muscle mitochondria in response to contractile activity. Experimental Physiology, 2003, vol. 88, pp. 99–107.
  14. Hawley J. A. Adaptations of skeletal muscle to prolonged, intense endurance training. Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology, 2002, vol. 29, pp. 218–222.
  15. Holloszy J. O., Rennie M. J., Hickson R. C., Conlee R. K., Hagberg J. M. Physiological consequences of the biochemical adaptations to endurance exercise. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1977, vol. 301, pp. 440–450.
  16. Hickson R. C. Interference of strength development by simultaneously training for strength and endurance. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 1980, vol. 45, pp. 255–263.
  17. Fluck M. Functional, structural and molecular plasticity of mammalian skeletal muscle in response to exercise stimuli. Journal of Experimental Biology, 2006, vol. 209, pp. 2239–2248.
  18. Fluck M., Dapp C., Schmutz S., Wit E., Hoppeler H. Transcriptional profiling of tissue plasticity: Role of shifts in gene expression and technical limitations. Journal of Applied Physiology, 2005, vol. 99, pp. 397–413.
  19. Yang Y., Creer A., Jemiolo B., Trappe S. Time course of myogenic and metabolic gene expression in response to acute exercise in human. Journal of Applied Physiology, 2005, vol. 98, pp. 1745–1752.
  20. Stepto N., Coffey V., Carey A., Ponnampalam A., Canny B., Powell D., Hawley J. Global gene expression in skeletal muscle from well-trained strength and endurance athletes. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 2009, vol. 41, no. 3, pp. 546–565.
Received: 
09.06.2022
Accepted: 
14.08.2022
Published: 
07.11.2022